Golden Capital Securities


Investment Outlook

September 2000



 
As people return from holidays and check their portfolios, many will likely be pleasantly surprised that the carnage has, at least temporarily, slowed.  Since the beginning of summer (we'll assume June 1st), the TSE is the big winner over its American counterparts.  Up 17.8% since the June 1st, the TSE 300 index narrowly beat the NASDAQ (up 17.4%), the S&P500 (up 4.8%) and the DJIA (up 5.3%).  However, if we remove Nortel's 40% plus run during that time, we see an approximately 5.4% return for the TSE 299.  The CDNX has been nearly flat for the entire summer as investors look to companies with more proven technologies, earnings and liquidity.  However, in the last week of the month of August there has been a general strengthening and increased volume within the index.  It would appear that investors have shaken off the beatings that they took in March and April and are slowly stepping back into the marketplace; hopefully a little wiser and more disciplined.

 

Telus (T-T), relatively fresh off its amalgamation with BC Tel, has now become the country’s second largest phone company with its purchase of Clearnet Communications.  For the low, low price of $3.1 Billion in cash and stock, Telus purchased all of Clearnet’s subscribers, but all of their debt as well.  In hopes of realising some of the hidden value in their own, now substantially larger, wireless division Telus is entertaining the thought of issuing a tracking stock.

Since tracking stocks are not as popular in Canada as they are in the US, some people may be wondering what a tracking stock is and if they would be worthwhile investments. Generally speaking, a tracking stock is an attempt by a diversified firm to unlock the value of an individual business unit from its overall valuation.  The true worth of this ‘undervalued’ business unit may not be fully realised by the market and is normally termed a “conglomerate discount”.

The structure of a tracking stock is significantly different from a common share, but with many of the same characteristics.  With a common share, shareholders own a piece of the company in which they are investing.  Whereas a tracking stock, by comparison, is a share that pays a dividend based on the operating unit’s performance.  For example, AT&T Wireless (AWE-N) is a tracking stock for AT&T’s (T-N) wireless group.  Sprint, Nortel, Microsoft, Lucent and GM have all considered or have issued tracking stocks as well. 

As an autonomous unit, a tracking stock would allow investors to view more transparency in the financial data to determine the economic viability of the unit since the tracking stock would file separate financial statements from its parent.  For company’s management, the autonomous unit would permit closer handling of factors directly affecting the business.  Finally, in this era of acquisition, companies of similar industries can be purchased using the tracking stock, rather than the parent company’s stock.  This type of acquisition prevents any direct dilution of the parent company’s stock and a more comparable exchange of equity.  For example, wireless stock for wireless stock, rather than large conglomerate stock for wireless stock. Unfortunately, tracking stocks are sometimes issued when senior executives feel that the stock market has not recognised their theoretical management brilliance, rather than unlocking true value that has been created in the company.

But all is not as rosy as it may appear, as investors in tracking stocks recently can attest.  There are some negatives for the tracking business unit as well as for the investor.  On a corporate level, the tracking stock will increase the level of corporate complexity with multiple filings of documents, accounting, and lines of reporting.  The tracking stock’s management also has issues around their position in the corporation’s culture and the allocation of bonuses to managers inside and outside the tracking stock unit.  Finally, with all the increased business unit disclosure, detailed corporate information will be more readily available to competitive rivals.

For investors, some tracking stocks do not have voting rights and as such investors will not have a say in the corporate direction, much less the specific business unit.  If the tracking stock is not completely autonomous, the parent still controls the potential suitors in the case of a merger, thus restricting the potential marketability of the unit.  Take AT&T Wireless as an example again.  AWE is currently trading at around $5,000 per subscriber, compared to $8,000 per subscriber for most of its competitors.  However, while trading at these low levels, it has the second highest revenue per subscriber in the industry.  Under normal circumstances this would be a prime candidate for a take-over: high revenue, low market capitalization.  This is not the case though, as potential suitors must approach Ol’ Ma Bell about any potential mergers, a difficult task to say the least.

Overall, tracking stocks are a way for investors to achieve “pure-play” investments in companies that would otherwise be too diversified to offer industry specific stock performance.  Companies see the value in tracking stocks because they can, if structured and managed properly, help fund a rapidly growing portion of their business without dealing with the hassles of a spin-off.   Are they right for you?  Talk to your financial advisor or broker, they will be able to help you determine a tracking stock’s appropriateness. 

Have you ever wondered what happened to that high-tech IPO that zoomed 500% on its initial day of trading and then seemed to fall off the face of the earth?  There are several sites that take a light-hearted (although cynical) look at the many fallen and walking wounded high-tech firms.  Dotcom.Failures has the motto "Kick 'em while they're down" and up to date stories about recent business failures and companies teetering on the edge.  Start-up Failures, an online support network designed to take the shame out of failure, is run by an entrepreneur who has himself failed several times. Finally, the unprintable ****** Company.com.  This take-off of the popular Fast Company magazine allows readers to submit their picks for companies about to go out of business and earn points and bragging rights.  These sites allow those of us who did not become millionaires in the Internet hype, to laugh at those who did and then lost it all.

Until next month.